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Maternus Cynegius (died on March 14, 388, in Berytos) was a praetorian prefect of the East and consul at the end of the 4th century, best known for destroying some of the most sacred sites of Hellenic religion. == Life == Cynegius is thought to originate from Spain and was a Christian. Between 381 and 383 he was appointed ''comes sacrarum largitionum'', the imperial treasurer, by Emperor Theodosius I.〔''Codex Theodosianus'', XII.1.97.〕 Later he was appointed ''quaestor sacri palatii'' and, in 384, Praetorian prefect of the East.〔''Codex Theodosianus'', XII.13.5.〕 He issued laws that forbade Pagan sacrifices and closed and destroyed non-Christian temples in Egypt and Syria (386). As a deviation from Theodosius' policy, he issued anti-Jewish laws.〔Zosimus, ''Historia nea'', IV.〕 On his second visitation - to the East (including Egypt) - he was accompanied by Bishop Marcellus of Apamea. With Marcellus' encouragement, he destroyed, among other things, *the temple of Edessa *the Cabeireion of Imbros *the temple of Zeus Belos in Apamea, which had included a famed oracle, which Septimius Severus, among others, had consulted *the temple of Apollo in Didyma, which also included a famed oracle (the ''Didymaion''), which was second only to the Delphic Oracle in importance *all the temples in Palmyra.〔Theodoret, ''Historia ecclesiastica'', V.21.〕 In 388 he was appointed Roman consul, though he died that same year. Maternus has been identified with the high official who received the Missorium of Theodosius I and was probably depicted on it. A country house found by archaeologists near Carranque, in Spain, has been attributed to Maternus.〔Ruth E. Leader-Newby, ''Silver and Society in Late Antiquity. Functions and Meanings of Silver Plate in the Fourth to the Seventh Centuries'', Aldershot, Ashgate, 2004, ISBN 0-7546-0728-3, pp. 11-14.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Maternus Cynegius」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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